12/4/2023 0 Comments Chinese mid autumn festival song![]() You can listen to the files on your computer or load them onto an MP3 player. Content providers such as the Freer and Sackler Galleries create podcast feeds, which automatically update content on subscribers' computers. Podcasting (from "iPod" + "broadcasting") is a way of accessing internet-based audio files. Adapted from Han Mei, “Zheng,” in Oxford Music Online/Grove Music Online ( ), print publication 2001 online publication 2001, accessed. Now the zheng is played on a table or a pair of stands. Before the Song dynasty, the instrument was placed on the performer’s knees with the end pointing away to the left, a position still preserved in playing the Korean kayagum, which is derived from the zheng (as is the Japanese koto). While the 21-string zheng is the version most commonly used now, the 16-string zheng is still in use by some traditional musicians, especially along the southeastern coast of mainland China and in Taiwan. Since the mid-20th century, zheng zithers have been built with 18, 21, and even 25 or 44 strings. It is generally assumed that the 16-string zheng was in fashion before the 19th century. According to the Tang encyclopedia Tongdian (801) both 12-string and 13-string zheng were then in use.īy the 18th century the number of strings had increased to 14 and more. In the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties (581–1279), the zheng was part of court musical ensembles, which performed yanyue (banquet music) and qingshang yue (music deriving from xianghe ge). Because part of the Chinese character for zheng has the same form as “to quarrel,” other legends describe a fight between two people over a 25-string se zither that caused the instrument to be broken in half, creating two zheng, one with 12-string and one with 13-strings.ĭuring the Han dynasty, the zheng was part of the string and wind ensemble that accompanied xianghe ge (harmonious song), a singing and dancing tradition in north-central China. Some ancient sources claim that the zheng was invented by Meng Tian (d. It is now suggested that the zheng may have originated in southern China or that it had multiple points of origin. In the 1970s, however, several 12- and 13-string zithers dating to the sixth or seventh century BCE were unearthed in Guangxi and Jiangxi provinces in southern China. 265 CE) describes the zheng of that period: “Its upper part is convex like the vault of heaven its bottom flat like the earth its inside is hollow so as to accommodate the six points of the compass, and its 12 strings with their bridges symbolize the 12 months of the year.” Traditional Chinese scholarship presumed that the zheng originated in north-central China. Performances on the zheng were first documented in the Shiji (Records of the Historian) of 237 BCE, which describes how people of present-day Shaanxi province “beat clay drums and earthen jars, play zheng, and slap their thighs to accompany songs.” Fu Xuan’s poetic essay Zhengfu xu (c. A second–century dictionary, Shuowen jiezi, notes that it was made of bamboo and had plucked strings which made a sound like “zheng.” According to another second-century document, the Fengsu Tongyi, it had five strings at the time. The instrument’s history in China dates back over 2500 years. ![]() While strings of silk were traditional for centuries, today they are most often made of steel wound with nylon. The moveable bridges are made of wood or occasionally of ivory or bone. For the sides and bottom, red sandalwood, rosewood, or sometimes boxwood is traditionally used. The soundboard is made of wutong wood ( Firmiana platanifolia), the bottom being flat and the upper board convex. The zheng is a zither consisting of a soundbox with adjustable bridges over which various numbers of strings are stretched. This performance was recorded live in concert at the Freer and Sackler Galleries on September 14, 2000, in conjunction with the exhibition Music in the Age of Confucius. Spring Comes to the Snowy Mountain (雪山春晓 X ue shan chun xiao) Jackdaws Playing in the Water (寒鸦戏水 H an ya xi shui) Moonlight on the Lake (平湖秋月 P ing hu qiu yue) Sound of Drums in Xiang Mountain ( 香山射鼓 Xiang shan she gu) Rainbow-Skirt Dance (小霓裳曲 X iao ni shang qu) Wild Geese Flying Along the Sandy Beach (平沙落雁 P ing sha luo yan) High Mountain and Flowing Water (高山流水 G ao shan liu shui) Imperial Concubine’s Tear (湘妃泪 Xiang fei lei)įisherman Singing at Dusk (渔舟唱晚 Y u zhou chang wan)Īutumn Moonlight in the Palace (汉宫秋月 H an gong qiu yue)Īutumn Reflections by the Dressing Table (妆台秋思 Z huang tai qiu si) Spring (一点金 or 秋芙蓉 Y i dian jin / Q iu fu rong)
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